Assessment of Oral Cellular proliferative activity among Toombak Dipper in Al-Obeyed City, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Many factors have been identified as important causative agents that responsible for the development of oral precancerous and cancerous lesions. In Sudan, Toombak have been identified as a major risk factor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the cellular proliferative activity that associated with Toombak use. Methodology: In this study 75 apparently healthy individuals were selected for this study, of whom 50 were currently Toombak users (cases) and 25 were nonToombak users (controls), Pap. Method and Silver technique were used for the staining of oral smears. Results: Cytological atypia was identified in 10 cases and 4 controls. The mean count NORs count was 4.6 in cases and 2.2 in controls. Conclusion: Toombak is a major risk for occurrence of cellular proliferative activity features that may progress in to oral precancerous or cancerous lesions.